Employees are plastering an lathing 18 inches or less from the front of the edge, What type of scaffolds you should not use, What is another don't that you should remember, Not to load scaffolds or scaffold components in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, which ever is less, OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: when an employer gas reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall, Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained, Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by, What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold- is ideal for use around complex structures, This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in, If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and or personal fall arrest systems(PFAS).The type of fall protection required will depend upon, Final Exam OSHA 10 hour construction program, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Hendrick Van Ness, J.M. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift. On straight run scaffolds, longitudinal bracing across the inner and outer rows of posts shall be installed diagonally in both directions, and shall extend from the base of the end posts upward to the top of the scaffold at approximately a 45 degree angle. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. Place the planks. Choose one answer. Outrigger beams fabricated in the shape of an I-beam or channel shall be placed so that the web section is vertical. Scaffolds, once properly erected, are a control measure to prevent the risk of persons and objects falling when working at height. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Introduction ( 1) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Do Not Try To Drive More Than______Hours In Any One Day. Remote detonators to implode a structure Runners and bearers shall be installed on edge. Power systems used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be designed for such use. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold, Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material, What are the most frequently used types of scaffolds, The first step in building a scaffold includes a site inspection to do identify what. When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. When wood poles are constructed of two continuous lengths, they shall be joined together with the seam parallel to the bracket. Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. . General. All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. According to OSHA standard 1926.451 (g) (1), anyone working on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. What happens to the temperature of the water relative to that of the untreated water? B. Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. Caster stems and wheel stems shall be pinned or otherwise secured in scaffold legs or adjustment screws. All vertical joints of the scaffold are attached and secured by bolts and nuts or other fastening devices of adequate strength; b. Make sure the scaffold is stable. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. When two single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds are combined to form a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the resulting two-point scaffold shall comply with the requirements for two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds in paragraph (p) of this section. The scaffold must be erected and used in accordance with OSHA regulations. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. Every element of your orientation must be exact. No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. scaffold are exposed, and describe at least one method of hazard prevention for Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that: One of the most important elements of the pre-job planning is: Proper equipment for prompt transportation of an injured worker, as well as a communication system to contact any necessary ambulance service, must be available: A structural material with tensioned steel strands embedded inside, which compress the concrete and give it extra strength. D. To ensure that medical personnel are available for every industry in which there are significant workplace hazards. Fixed Scaffolding Erection Scaffold must be erected, moved, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of qualied persons. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. All diagonal . A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Personnel hoisting platforms must be designed by: A qualified engineer, or another competent specialist qualified in structural design. Horizontally at each end and at 30 feet intervals measured from one end only. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained plumb. 9. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. To determine whether employees need hearing protection, employers have to consider: The loudness of the noise, as measured in decibels. Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. Diagonal braces shall be installed between squares on the rear and front sides of the scaffold, and shall extend from the bottom of each square to the top of the next square. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. d. Phases are often shown for each compound but are not critical to balancing an equation. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. 1. Always use . The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, or moved only by properly trained workers. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. Where wooden poles are spliced, the ends shall be squared and the upper section shall rest squarely on the lower section. "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with design and loading requirements for pole scaffolds under 60 feet in height. Scaffold platforms shall not be bridged one to another. Scaffolds must be plumb, level, and squared. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! (Hold the cups up to your cheeks to tell.) Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Tap here to review the details. "Two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds (swing stages)." Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. Bracing shall extend diagonally from the inner or outer posts or runners upward to the next outer or inner posts or runners. A thorough understanding of all aspects of Movement of the scaffold must be under the direction of a competent person. When balancing a chemical equation. Step 1 Select and prepare the ground area. C. Wear goggles or safety spectacles Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. least three examples of incorporating each of the elements. ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor Scaffold components. On scaffolds whose length is greater than their height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post. Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. We've updated our privacy policy. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold shall be installed at the scaffold ends and at least at every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end) and every fourth runner vertically. B. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling objects between top rail and walking surface. Light metal-type platforms having a rated capacity of 750 pounds or less and platforms 40 feet (12.2 m) or less in length shall be tested and listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. There are a number of requirements that employers must do to protect their workers from caught-in or between hazards. If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. Other common components are scaffold boards and edge protection. Fasten all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next level . Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. It is used in construction work where the work cannot be done from the ground level. List at least three of the four main hazards to which persons working on a SCAFFOLDS MUST BE ERECTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DESIGN AND/OR MANUFACTURERS' RECOMMENDATIONS. a. Subscripts in the reactants must be conserved in the products. C. Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level Supported scaffold poles, legs . Scaffolds shall be used only for the purpose of working at the window opening through which the jack is placed. The following are the phases that need to be considered for safe installation and use of scaffolding: 1. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Your lines should be perfectly vertical (plumb) and horizontal (level), and your corners should be exactly 90 degrees (square). The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Each supporting rope shall be hitched around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to the other end of the bearer where it is hitched again, leaving sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties. Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. The knowledgeable user knows how to select the right scaffold for the A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet AEGCPs are implemented on construction sites to oversee: The OSHA standard mandates that any time a worker is at a height of six feet or more, the worker is at risk and needs to be protected. Bearers shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (7.6 cm) over the outside edges of runners. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained in plumb. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. To ensure scaffolding safety, the scaffold must be built under the supervision of a competent person; someone who has been thoroughly trained on safe work practices when working on scaffoldings. 15% c. 20% d. 25% Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. D. All of the above. each of the hazards. No handhold available. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: At the time of their initial assignment. The inboard ends of outrigger beams shall be securely anchored either by means of braced struts bearing against sills in contact with the overhead beams or ceiling, or by means of tension members secured to the floor joists underfoot, or by both. Scaffold platforms shall not be placed any higher than the second highest rung or step of the ladder supporting the platform. Scaffold support beams shall be installed on edge. All ladders used in conjunction with step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds shall meet the pertinent requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support such scaffolds. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: A. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Runners shall be installed along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and outside posts at level heights (when tube and coupler guardrails and midrails are used on outside posts, they may be used in lieu of outside runners). Platforms shall not extend outward beyond the base supports of the scaffold unless outrigger frames or equivalent devices are used to ensure stability. Click here to review the details. Crawling Board. Vehicle mounted devices such as cherry pickers or boot trucks used to get a worker to an elevated position. In general, head protection should do which of the following? fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. The platform shall be supported by a minimum of two bearers, each of which shall project a minimum of 6 inches (15.2 cm) beyond the platform on both sides. Name the three types of scaffolds and describe their main characteristics The noise exposure measurement your employer makes must include all continuous, intermittent and ______ noise within a range of 80 dB to 130 dB. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. Rated load capacities, recommended operating speeds, and special hazard warnings or instructions must be: Conspicuously posted on the crane, where the crane operator can see them while he is at his control station. Platforms shall not exceed a height of 20 feet (6.1 m). Scaffolding must be erected, dismantled or moved by qualified employees that are supervised by a competent person. 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Cherry pickers or boot trucks used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be squared and the upper shall... Inches ( 7.6 cm ) over the outside edge of runners s stability name! Over the outside edge of runners each end and at 30 feet intervals measured from one end.... Construction Course: Module 5 scaffolds Page 1 of 22 Activate your day... Level grade Tap here to review the details be designed for such use reinforced on underside! To implode a structure runners and bearers shall be joined together with the seam to... ) scaffolds made of wood shall be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because 1 percent level. Strength ; b securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting extend outward beyond base! Workplace hazards scaffolds are a Number of requirements that employers must provide employees with information.
a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because