Between Pius II and Duke Sigismund of Tyrol, however, an acute conflict developed concerning the Bishopric of Brixen. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. "Pius II (1405–1464) Pope before the 20 C. They are entitled "Pii II Commentarii rerum memorabilium, quae temporibus suis contigerunt". In June 1464 Pius II took the cross and set out on a crusade against the Turks. The same year he succeeded in breaking up the Electors' League, equally dangerous to Eugene IV and Frederick III, and shortly afterwards a delegation, of which he was a member, laid before the pope the conditional submission of almost all Germany. Piccolomini, however, soon left the service of the impecunious Capranica for more remunerative employment with Nicodemo della Scala, Bishop of Freising, with Bartolomeo, Bishop of Novara, and with Cardinal Albergati. He was created cardinal 18 Dec., 1456, by Calixtus III, whose successor he became. Pope from 1458 to 1464, a determined opponent of the conciliar movement and the Ottoman Turks. [2] He was the oldest of 18 children. Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini (Latin Aeneas Sylvius; October 18, 1405 – August 14, 1464) was Pope from August 19, 1458 until his death in 1464. Pope continued to support Ferrante against the Angevin claimant. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Receding gradually from his attitude of supporter of Felix V, he ultimately became, with the imperial chancellor Schlick, whose favour he enjoyed, a partisan of Eugene IV. This was tantamount to a renunciation of the "Compact of Basle", which, under certain conditions subsequently not observed by the Bohemians, had granted them communion under both kinds and other privileges. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Pius II's own writings are important documents of the early Renaissance, as well as enjoyable reading. He retracted the errors contained in his earlier writings in a Bull, the gist of which was "Reject Eneas, hold fast to Pius". Very little is known about the early life of Pope Sylvester I (died 335), and for centuries his pontificate was shrouded in legend. They were to bear the name of Our Lady of Bethlehem and to have their headquarters in the Island of Lemnos. Although of noble birth, straitened circumstances forced him to help his father in the cultivation of the estate which the family owned at Corsignano. The latter's clearsightedness, however, soon enabled him to realize that the position of the schismatic party could not fail to become untenable, and he profited by his presence as envoy of the council at the Diet of Strasbourg), but by the frivolous manner in which he glories in his own disorders. With this bull he helped to kill the conciliar movement, which had attempted urgent reforms in the Church. [2] In 1450, he was made Bishop of Siena. [2], In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Pope Pius II, OCLC/WorldCat includes roughly 20+ works in 30+ publications in 5 languages and 120+ library holdings. In 1459, the first year of his reign, he summoned the rulers of Europe to a congress in Mantua to plan a campaign against the Turks.
He had changed from a lighthearted young man to a dedicated religious leader, but unfortunately his conception of papal duty belonged to a vanished era. Possibly the transfer with extraordinary pomp of the head of St. Andrew to Rome was also a fruitless attempt to rekindle zeal for the Crusades.
Pope Nicholas V made him bishop of Trieste in 1447 and of Siena in 1449, and he became a cardinal in 1456. During the congress, war had broken out in southern Italy over the possession of the Kingdom of Naples. He is remarkable for the contrast between his early life as a writer and poet of the Renaissance and his later life as a conservative pope. Pius II (1405-1464) was pope from 1458 to 1464. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. state were more earnest. "[6], St. Catherine of Siena was canonized during his reign. The princes gathered at the congress were reluctant to coordinate their forces, however, and Pius's attempt to gather armies and money for a campaign against the Turks came to nothing. Pius was not an eminent scholar: his latin is frequently incorrect, and he knew little Greek, but his writings He likewise belonged to the delegation which was to escort to Basle in 1439 the newly-elected antipope, who assumed the name of Felix V and chose Piccolomini as his secretary. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Although his writings lack depth of conviction, he had considerable charm both as an artist and as a person; and this charm may have accounted for his rise to prominence. He had not yet received Holy orders, however, and shrank from the ecclesiastical state because of the obligation of continence which it imposed. But in 1461 Podiebrad, to further his fanciful schemes of political Pope's decree of deposition led to civil strife. The formal reconciliation between himself and this pope took place in 1445, when he came on an official mission to Rome. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/pius-ii, "Pius II Piccolomini used his appointments to gather benefices—profitable estates and property—and soon grew wealthy. The standard biography of him is Catherine M. Ady, Pius II: The Humanist Pope (1913). chancery in January of the following year. This preoccupation made him neglect more practical matters, notably the settlement of the Hussite problem, which quarrel he continued with the Bohemians led by George of Podebrad, and French aggression in Italy. Hussitism was rampant in the kingdom, which was governed by the wily George Podiebrad, a king seemingly devoid of religious convictions. .
Likewise the refusal of the Archbishop of Mainz, Diether of Isenburg, to abide by the [1], Pius II was born at Corsignano, which is near Siena. Pius II's character now changed rather dramatically. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA).
Earlier in his life he had written, besides "Eurialus and Lucretia" and the
. Deep conviction came to him only after he had assumed the responsibilities of the papacy, and although his pontificate may be justly criticized as an anachronism, his thwarted crusade of 1464 testifies to his courage and to his devotion to duty. Sienna on his way to the Council of Basle, Capranica, Bishop of Fermo, invited Enea to accompany him as his secretary. "Pius II There have been widely divergent appreciations of the life of Pius II. Pope Pius II was born at Corsignano, near Pienza and Sienna on 18 Oct., 1405, elected Pope 19 Aug., 1458, died in Ancona, 14 Aug., 1464.
That country, nevertheless, ultimately agreed to raise 32,000 footmen and 10,000 cavalry. 1405, elected His enjoyment of life's more sensual pleasures prevented him from taking the vows of the clergy, however. Sienna was canonised during his pontificate. . Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Early life. His conceptions and manner of life after his entrance into the ecclesiastical
Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Even then but few delegates were present, and the deliberations soon revealed the fact that the Christian states could not be relied on for mutual co-operation against the Turks. ." Pope to an oecumenical council (18 Jan., 1460).
Pienza © ammonet InfoTech 2000 - In 1458, he succeeded Calixtus III as pope, taking the name of Pius after the phrase “pius Aeneas” in the poetry of Virgil. In 1425 the preaching of St. Bernardine of Siena kindled in him the desire of embracing a monastic life, but he was dissuaded from his purpose by his friends. He had promised in a secret coronation oath personally to profess the Catholic faith and to restore, in his realm, union with Rome in ritual and worship. This page was last changed on 7 March 2019, at 03:28. That he freely indulged his passions is evidenced not only by the birth of two illegitimate children to him (the one in Scotland, the other at This village he later ranked as a town and made an episcopal residence with the name of Pienza (Pius).
google_ad_width = 728; [2], According to Niccolò Machiavelli, "Pius showed himself mindful above all of the welfare of Christendom and of the honour of the Church, independent of any private passion or interest of his own. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers.
In the early period of his life he was, like many humanists, frivolous and immoral in conduct and writing. Although on his return from Scotland, Cardinal Albergati was no longer at Basle, he determined to remain in Shortly before his departure for Mantua, where he was personally to direct the deliberations of this assembly, he issued a Bull instituting a new religious order of knights. He attended the University of Siena and in Florence, where he learned classical languages and literature. 16 Oct. 2020
." Retrieved October 16, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/arts-construction-medicine-science-and-technology-magazines/pius-ii-1405-1464. The following year he played a prominent part in the conclusion of the Concordat of
embassy and in 1452 accompanied Frederick to Rome for the imperial coronation. On Aug. 19, 1458, he was elected pope, taking the name Pius II in honor of the "pius Aeneas" of the Roman poet Virgil. At his accession to the throne in 1461, Louis XI, indeed, suppressed that Pius II was born at Corsignano, which is …
His literary attainments were brought to the attention of Frederick III, who crowned him imperial poet, and offered him a position in his service which was gladly accepted. ." He accompanied the latter on several journeys, particularly to the Congress of Arras, which in 1435 discussed peace between Burgundy and France. As rumours had been circulated that the aggrandisement, promised his subjects to maintain the Compact. Encyclopedia of World Biography. The prevalence of such discord in Christendom left but little hope for armed opposition to the Turks. obscene comedy "Chrysis", the following historical works: "Libellus dialogorum de generalis concilii auctoritate et gestis Basileensium", "Commentarius de rebus Basileae gestis", "Historia rerum Frederici III imperatoris", "Historia Bohemica".
Pius II, "whose character reflects almost every tendency of the age in which he lived", was born at Corsignano in the Sienese territory of a … Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html.