Catalogs from the measurement networks should be carefully analysed before being used in a hazard assessment.

The United Nations Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response (UN-SPIDER, 2010) has been established by the UN to ensure that all countries have access to and develop the capacity to use space-based information to support the disaster management cycle. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Due to the lack of a dedicated advanced sounder on the GOES-R Series, ABI is used to generate the LAP products. An important initiative that is focused on the provision of space-based information for disaster response is the international charter “Space and Major Disasters” (Disaster Charter, 2010).

Launch: A launch of FY-2C took place on Oct. 19, 2004 on a CZ-3A vehicle from the Xichang Launch Center, China.

For example, one of the most comprehensive projects for landslide and flood inventory mapping has been the AVI project in Italy (Guzzetti et al., 1994). NOAA continues to have valid requirement for measurements from an advanced IR sounder in geostationary orbit (Wang et al., 2007; Schmit et al., 2009). The key to the look-up-table-based estimation of DSSR and PAR is establishment of the relation between TOA radiance and surface radiation. Christopher Kidd, Vincenzo Levizzani, in Extreme Hydroclimatic Events and Multivariate Hazards in a Changing Environment, 2019.

Nine months later the Ariane upper stage exploded, likely due to residual fuels left onboard [12]. The basis of such measurements is similar to surface-based radar systems, converting backscattered radiation to a precipitation measurement. Table 4: Spectral layout of the VISSR instrument beyond FY-2B. The FY-2D spacecraft carries the same sensor complement as FY-2C. First, the TOA radiance as observed by satellites is compared with that from the look-up table at a specific wavelength under different atmospheric conditions. Seismic networks have been formed globally (NERIES, 2009; ANSS, 2009; GSN, 2009), and the data can be managed centrally and distributed using web-mapping applications (e.g., the United States Geological Survey (USGS)). Since the signal characteristics of the S-VISSR instrument data are the same as those of the VISSR instrument of the Japanese GMS series (except the frequency), the user stations receiving GMS VISSR data are also capable of receiving S-VISSR data, simply by changing the antenna pointing and frequency of the receiver local oscillator.

The LEO satellites are often sun-synchronous allowing observations to be made at the same local time and are typical of operational satellites (see Table 1.1), particularly where the overpass time is deemed to be critical.

Passive microwave imaging radiometers commonly used for precipitation estimation; dates represent full extent of collected data.

Table 1.2. The constellation currently consists of 10 PMW sensors, namely the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-2), Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS, 3 currently operational), Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS, 4 currently operational), Sondeur Atmosphérique du Profil d’Humidité Intertropicale par Radiométrie (SAPHIR), and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS). - Obtaining cloud top and sea surface temperatures as well as the wind field distribution by data processing. Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors, Observation of the Earth and its Environment. Cold space images and solar image to realize in-orbit calibration, Table 5: Specification of the VIS band of S-VISSR, Onboard blackbody calibration, once every 3 disks. As the waveband range and spectral response function differ for each sensor, they must be specified for each sensor so that the look-up table of TOA radiance for each sensor can be built. 6) MDUS (Medium-scale Data Utilization Station) and SDUS (Small-scale Data Utilization Station) stations. The S-FAX link transmits processed satellite image data, other weather data and administrative information via S-band to domestic users in China. At present the geostationary platforms only carry VIS/IR instruments, while the LEO platforms may carry one or more VIS/IR, PMW or AMW sensors. Satellites provide an unparalleled view of the Earth and its atmosphere allowing them to observe processes within the Earth system, including those relating to precipitation. The high costs may still be a limitation for obtaining high-resolution images for particular study areas, especially for multiple dates after the occurrence of main triggering events such as tropical storms or cyclones. Due to the difference between polar-orbiting satellites and geostationary satellites, the comparative analysis is based on the sources of input data needed for radiation retrieval by the look-up table method for different satellite data, as shown in Table 6.13.

Van Westen, in Treatise on Geomorphology, 2013. Launch: A launch of FY-2D took place on Dec. 8, 2006 on a CZ-3A vehicle from the Xichang Launch Center, China. 10-day predictions NORAD ID: 30641 Int'l Code: 1999-025ANY Perigee: 568.9 km Apogee: 816.9 km Inclination: 98.9 ° Period: 98.5 minutes Semi major axis: 7063 km RCS: 0.0235 m 2 (small) Launch date: May 10, 1999 Source: People's Republic of China (PRC) Launch site: Taiyaun Space Center, China (TSC) Note: This is SATELLITE DEBRIS

Schematic diagram of the coverage of geostationary satellites. The regression retrievals are used as both first guess and background for the physical 1DVAR retrieval iterations. Automatic classification of landslides using digital airphotos and very-high resolution satellite images has been applied successfully by Hervas et al. In the US, a similar network has been established for recording stream-discharge data for nearly 10 000 sites in a central database linked with a web-mapping service (NWIS, 2010).