It was the 120th shuttle mission, the 34th flight of Discovery, and the 66th landing at KSC. fade away for observers in By making accurate measurements of microwave patterns, WMAP has answered many longstanding questions about age, composition and development of the universe. As slight as that might seem, over the course of the mission the total change in velocity from ion propulsion will be comparable to the push provided by the Delta-2 rocket that carried it into space - all nine solid-fuel boosters, plus the Delta's first, second and third stages. Highlights of military space in 2007 included the launch of the first USAF Wideband Global System (WGS) broadband communications satellite which marked a major step in military capabilities, on an Atlas-5 (Oct. 11). During 2007, engineers dealt with some onboard problems, such as a software error between the MRO and one of its instruments, an event which on July 17 caused the spacecraft to turn off two of its science instruments--the MCS (Mars Climate Sounder) and CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars). After 20 days and 4 million km cruise, the probe safely landed on Titan on January 14, 2005, becoming the first human-made object to explore on-site the unique environment of this moon, whose chemistry is assumed to be very similar to that of early Earth before life formed. By end-2007, ACE has been at the L1 point for more than ten years, and the spacecraft and instruments are still working very well, with the exception of the SEPICA (Solar Energetic Particle Ionic Charge Analyzer) instrument. At approximately 800 meters (half a mile) wide and 70 meters (230 feet) deep, it is the largest crater the rover has visited. Since its Jupiter flyby in 1992, Ulysses has been in a six-year orbit around the sun. STEREO (Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory) is the third mission in NASA's Solar Terrestrial Probes program (STP). NASA and NOAA scientists, working with experimental data from Aquas Atmospheric Infrared Sounder, a high-spectral resolution infrared instrument that takes 3-D pictures of atmospheric temperatures, water vapor and trace gases, are conducting research on improving the accuracy of medium-range weather forecasts in the Northern Hemisphere. Before the stars burned out as white dwarfs, they were among the most massive stars in NGC 6397. 04.17.15 - Kepler Planet Candidates, January 2014. 2007 January 17. These flashes are brighter than a billion suns, yet last only a few milliseconds. Neutrinos made up a much larger part of the early universe than they do today. The mission continued to produce data at record levels. NASA's Astronomy Picture of the Day is a mesmerizing snapshot of a young star cluster embedded in the Small Magellanic Cloud. After lifting off on a Delta-2 launch vehicle at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on September 27 at 7:34am EDT, NASAs Dawn spacecraft began a 4.8-billion-kilometer (3-billion-mile) odyssey deep in to the Asteroid Belt, including exploration of asteroid Vesta in 2011 and the dwarf planet Ceres in 2015. NASA's Astronomy Picture of the Day is a riveting snapshot of the Andromeda Galaxy and the oxygen-emitting blue arcs that surround it. The CMBR is the light left over from the Big Bang, bathing the whole Universe in this afterglow light. This allows making detailed measurements of Earth's gravity field, which will lead to discoveries about gravity and Earth's natural systems with possibly far-reaching benefits to society and the world's population. January 17, 2008. "The Moon will appear full for about 3 days around this time, from Thursday evening through Sunday morning," NASA's Solar System Exploration said . There were four EVAs, conducted by Parazynski, Wheelock and Tani. Explanation: By end-2007, data analysis was still underway, and an agreement was reached with NASA to extend the data analysis phase through September 2008 and probably beyond. Many of the close-up observations focused on studying the strange 20-kilometer high (12 mile) mountain ridge that gives the moon a walnut-shaped appearance. A rare green comet, last seen in Earth's skies 50,000 years ago, is revisiting our solar system and may become visible to the naked eye within the next few weeks.. January 17. On Wednesday evening, Feb. 2, 2022, the bright planet Jupiter will appear about 5 degrees to the upper right of the waxing crescent Moon. Researchers found that all of the jets appear to come from the four prominent tiger stripe fractures in the moon's active south polar region and, in almost every case, in the hottest areas detected by Cassini's composite and IR spectrometer. Solar TErrestrial Get the latest updates on NASA missions, watch NASA TV live, and learn about our quest to reveal the unknown and benefit all humankind. Since the launch of AIM, significant progress has been made in achieving this goal and that progress continues at a rapid rate. Both rovers have found metallic meteorites on Mars. The swap was done to mitigate the risk of loss of thermal control over the K-band antenna horn (and subsequent spurious K-band range signal) due to atomic oxygen exposure. In fact, material blowing off Mira is forming a wake 13 light-years long, or about 20,000 times the average distance of Pluto from the sun. A third major finding arising from the new WMAP data places tight constraints on the astonishing burst of growth in the first trillionth of a second of the universe, called inflation, when ripples in the very fabric of space may have been created. Its flyby of Jupiter was a special highlight of 2007. The Ozone Monitoring Instrument on the Aura satellite measures the total amount of ozone from the ground to the upper atmosphere over the entire Antarctic continent. Its long path through space carries it out to Jupiter's orbit and back. But it saw nothing smaller than Adrastea, a 16-kilometer-wide resident of Jupiter's faint ring system. The Small Magellanic Cloud is classified as a dwarf galaxy and is one of the closest galaxies . In 2007, the spacecraft continued to return stunning imagery from its continuing journey through the Saturnian system. These instruments are designed to operate autonomously and continuously, although the WFC acquires data only under daylight conditions. But the new Hubble images revealed a rapid transformation in the shape and color of Jupiter's clouds near the equator, marking the entire face of the globe. The Moon will set about 45 minutes later at 7:17 p.m. On the moon Enceladus, Cassini observed jets of fine, icy particles spraying from the moon that originate from the hottest spots on the moon's "tiger stripe" fractures that straddle the moon's south polar region. The findings are also the first direct evidence that most, if not all, massive galaxies in the distant universe spent their youths building monstrous black holes at their cores. All major contracts for the Ares I rocket were awarded in 2007. being swept away from the Sun by the This is because the ion propulsion system will operate for thousands of days, instead of the minutes during which the Delta performs. Both spacecraft are expected to continue to operate and send back valuable data until at least the year 2020. Phoenix will be the first mission to touch the planet's water-ice. Among its findings are some of the weirdest landscapes on Mars as well as more familiar-looking parts of the Red Planet: One type of landscape near its south pole is called "cryptic terrain" because it once defied explanation, but new observations bolster and refine recent interpretations of how springtime outbursts of carbon-dioxide gas there sculpt intricate patterns and paint seasonal splotches. central coma is so bright it saturates. The project is a joint partnership between NASA and the German DLR (Deutsches Zentrum fr Luft- und Raumfahrt). The Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) camera on New Horizons should have been able to spot moons down to a diameter of about 1 kilometer. These two icons of the Asteroid Belt have been witness to much of our solar system's history. Recorded during evening twilight on January 17, this view features the bright coma and gorgeous, sweeping tail of Comet McNaught (c/2006 P1) over Lake Horowhenua in Levin, a small town on New Zealand's North Island. above image, while the During its first Venus flyby, no scientific observations were made since Venus was at superior conjunction, placing it on the opposite side of the sun from Earth, which resulted in a two-week radio contact blackout between the spacecraft and its operators. This region is the outer layer of the bubble surrounding the sun, and no one knows how big this bubble actually is. Opportunity, NASAs second Mars explorer and twin to Spirit, launched on July 7, 2003 (ET), also on a Delta-2/Heavy after a cliffhanger countdown, touched down on January 25, 2004, right on target on Meridiani Planum, halfway around the planet from the Gusev Crater site of its twin, also in excellent condition. The framework also allows individual nations to share their strategies and efforts so all can achieve their exploration goals more effectively. United States military space organizations continued their efforts to make space a routine part of military operations across all service lines. Spirit (MER-A) & Opportunity (MER-B). Atlantis, on its 28th mission, lifted off on June 8 at 7:38pm EDT on Mission ISS-13A, carrying the crew of Commander Rick Sturckow, Pilot Lee Archambault, Mission Specialists Jim Reilly, Patrick Forrester, Steven Swanson, John Danny Olivas, and FE Clay Anderson who replaced ISS Expedition 14/15 FE Sunita Williams. Mission scientists are not sure how to explain the gradual slowdown preceding the shock. Joint USAF/NOAA Solar Geophysical Activity Report and Forecast SDF Number 17 Issued at 2200Z on 17 Jan 2023, Artemis I Orion Post-Flight Payload Processing - Campos/Moonikin, NASA Awards Students Flight Opportunity In The 2021-2022 TechRise Challenge. During 2007, the most astonishing discoveries of SST include final definitive evidence that the universe's first dust -- the celestial stuff that seeded future generations of stars and planets -- was forged in the explosions of massive stars. The glow from these stars created a thin fog of electrons in the surrounding gas that scatters microwaves, in much the same way fog scatters the beams from a cars headlights. February 2. GOES-N, to be renamed GOES-13, is the latest in a series of Earth monitoring satellites which provide the kind of continuous monitoring necessary for intensive data analysis. The Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (SECCHI) instrument onboard the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO . The Voyager missions, now in their 31st year, continue their quest to push the bounds of space exploration. In 2007, Odyssey was in its second extended mission, continuing to perform scientific observations and also serving as the primary communications relay for NASA's Mars rovers. It also fires a fine laser beam of light that spreads out as it approaches the Earth surface to about 65 meters in diameter. During 2007, the spacecraft were in a coast phase collecting information about the interaction of the solar wind and the Earths magnetic field. M33 X-7 orbits a companion star that eclipses the black hole every three and a half days. Neutral atoms from beyond the termination shock may be interacting with the solar wind to produce speedy charged particles called cosmic rays, thereby sapping some of the wind's energy. NASA.gov brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. Click on a picture and discover the cosmos! Adding to the mystery is that arcs were not . But they faced their biggest challenges yet: for nearly a month, mostly during July, a series of severe Martian summer dust storms affected Opportunity and, to a lesser extent, Spirit. This tied the record for Mars data sent back between 1997 and 2006 by NASA's Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) mission: about 30 terabits of science data, including more than 15,000 images from three cameras, more than 3,000 targeted observations by a mineral-mapping spectrometer, and more than 2,200 observations with ground-penetrating radar. It is significantly younger than our 5-billion-year-old sun. NASA.gov brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. One such feature is larger than any of the Great Lakes of North America and is about the same size as several seas on Earth. By end-2007, Spirit had driven about 7.5 kilometers (4.7 miles) and returned more than 102,000 images. In 2007, the joint European/NASA solar polar mission Ulysses celebrated its 17th launch anniversary. 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