Britain was no longer the pre-eminent power. ), The congress of Vienna leaves the Cape of Good Hope in British hands, Go to Vienna, Congress of (1814–15) in America instituted savage protective barriers, the Soviet Union had already closed itself off from the international market place in the 1920s. 1997 – Hong Kong handed back to Chinese. Studienkreis GmbH, Universitätsstraße 104, 44799 Bochum | Tel. 1815 became 3 colonies - unified in 1831, 1824 expanded in 1852 and 1885. Present Day – Britain and the Commonwealth Nations. In the previous century it had been the Portuguese and Spanish who were the main trading powers. Whatever its motivations, the constitutional consequences were profound. The Great War had been regarded as the 'war to end all wars' by those who had participated in, directed or been affected by it. The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (2 ed. Encyclopedia of Africa (1 ed. ), Zanzibar, under its Arab sultan, is declared a British protectorate, Go to Zanzibar in Paradoxically, the US was just about to embark on a a period of isolationism which would draw in her strategic capabilities to the Western hemisphere for the next two decades. The Boers had invested much of their takings from the gold fields in modern weaponry and were about to teach the British a lesson in guerrilla warfare with modern weapons. There was certainly some administrative confusion and the Dominions took different views on the process required to enter the war. Deine Daten werden nicht an Dritte weitergegeben. These requests fell on fertile ground as Republicans and Democrats alike attempted to outdo one another on the extent of their anti-Communist credentials. Hong Kong Island was technically British in perpetuity but much of the infrastructure of the colony had been constructed on the mainland side of the colony. World Encyclopedia (1 ed. A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed. Christian missionaries were dissuaded from being too overt in proselytising, agreements were made with remaining Indian rulers to respect their traditional rights and massive investments were made to improve the infrastructure of the sub-continent. A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed. Du hast nun jede Menge über die Geschichte Großbritanniens kennengelernt. The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military (1 ed. ), New Zealand becomes independent as a self-governing dominion, Mahatma Gandhi, on a visit to India, publishes a pamphlet entitled Hind Swaraj ("Indian Home Rule"), Go to Gandhi, Mahatma (1869–1948) in There are still fourteen isolated and small dependencies scattered around the world which are still British responsibilities. 1843 – Maori revolt against British rule in New Zealand. Ruled from India until 1937, 1763 Quebec colony divided in 1791 renamed Canada East in 1840, 1763 Quebec colony divided in 1791 renamed Canada West in 1840, 1663 - 1664, 1758 - 1763, 1779 - 1783, 1800 - 1817, 1788 - 1814 from New South Wales, 1825 - 1855 from Van Diemen's Land, 1897 - 1913 from New South Wales, 1665 - 1668, 1672 - 1682, 1690 - 1696, 1781, 1801 - 1802, 1810 - 1816, 1778 to 1783, 1796, 1803 confirmed in 1814, 1794, 1811 from Mauritius, 1888 by itself, 1762 to 1781, 1793 confirmed in 1814, joined with Trinidad 1888, 1797 confirmed in 1814, joined with Tobago 1888. A Dictionary of World History (2 ed. At the strategic level, Roosevelt increasingly agreed with Stalin, at the expense of Churchill, to conduct a direct invasion of France across the English Channel. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. 1639 – The English settle at Madras. The Kaiser of Germany made it clear that he wanted to find a 'place in the sun' for his German Empire. 1708 – British East India Company and a rival company were merged into the United Company of Merchants of England, trading to the East Indies. Cabot managed to reach the coast of Newfoundland and believed he had made it as far as Asia. 1628 – Settlements established on Nevis. A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed. The Restoration of the Stewarts in 1660 did not see the King totally abandon the progress and policies of his Commonwealth predecessors. ), Zanzibar becomes an independent nation and a member of the Commonwealth, Go to Zanzibar in The Dutch East Indies Company found itself in the virtuous circle of gaining more capital the more profit it made which allowed it to invest in yet better ships and more modern armaments to stay ahead of the competition. Now, in the 1930s, the Conservative dominated coalition government meekly assented to forming an imperial preference system to try and stop rival economies from taking advantage of imperial markets whilst denying imperial companies from accessing their own markets. ), The British impose the so-called Hottentot Code, protecting Africans at the Cape but also tying them to employers' farms, Go to Hottentot in Unter wem breitete sich das British Empire so weit aus, dass es fast 40 Prozent der Landmasse ausmachte? World Encyclopedia (1 ed. Two World Wars within 25 years had drained Britain of much of its resources, prestige and political power. They literally surrounded his palace with armoured cars and tanks and explained to him that if he did not follow British instructions he would be replaced and was presented with his abdication decree which was to come in force should he not follow British instructions. The Concise Oxford Companion to American Literature (1 ed. ), Naval officer George Vancouver sails from Britain on the voyage which will bring him to the northwest coast of America, Go to Vancouver, George (1757–98) in The British Empire was a crucial component in shaping lives, peoples, travel, economy, technology, politics and culture for hundreds of years. 2 July 1925) in Africans supplied much of the labour required to build these but white specialists were still relied upon and preferred for the higher end work required. ), Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes president of the Muslim League in India, Go to Jinnah, Mohammed Ali (1876–1948) in However, this is a dated view that has been widely challenged. Basically, they would be required to work for so many years after which they would be free to leave. ), The merged Hudson's Bay Company now administers a territory stretching from the Great Lakes to the Pacific, James Stirling explores up the Swan River in western Australia to find a site for the settlement which he names Perth, Go to Stirling, James (1791–1865) in Encyclopedia of Africa (1 ed. The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed. 1746 – Madras captured by the French. For the British, the Nineteenth Century closed as it had opened, with the country at war. Leg dein Passwort fest und du kannst sofort weiterlernen. It gave the peoples of the Empire opportunities to see that the world was a hugely diverse, exciting and fascinating place. Two less willing groups of settlers in the American colonies were criminals who were indentured for longer periods of time against their will and slaves from Africa who were brought to work on the sugar, tobacco and cotton plantations. It is very difficult to keep track of all of these changes over the course of the entire history of the empire. Is it more than a coincidence that the rise and fall of Empire coincides with the rise and fall in popularity of the moustache? More and more, they saw the iniquities of Empire and sought to challenge laws and rulers in the courts and in the press. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Based on the site where the Lloyd’s building is today, East India House was the headquarters of the largest and most powerful company that the world has ever seen…The East India Company. The Navigation Acts were passed in order to protect trading networks and products from rival powers such as the Dutch. Italy and Germany were embarking on their own fascistic autarky programs. 1597 – The Act of Parliament was passed which allowed transportation of convicted criminals to the colonies. A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed. But there were very real storm clouds on the horizon coalescing around competition from rivals, increased internal opposition and the changing nature of warfare. ), The Pilgrims (or Pilgrim Fathers), a group of 102 English settlers, sail in the Mayflower to the new world, Go to Pilgrims in However, attempts to take control of Dakar ended in ignominy when the Vichy French soldiers on the ground resisted De Gaulle's requests to them to change sides. "Bei welchem Thema gibt es besondere Schwierigkeiten? Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed. Britain's parliament was no longer sovereign in all colonial matters. The Japanese failed to fully capitalise on local feelings toward their previous colonial masters by introducing harsh and severe rule of their own upon the subject peoples. Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed. In the following decades numerous other countries across the globe proceeded to gain their independence from Britain, with some leaving colonial rule on specific dates whilst others achieved independence through a longer process initiated by dominion status.